Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (PCI) are central to the management of obstructive coronary artery disease, enabling rapid restoration of myocardial blood flow through minimally invasive catheter-based methods. PCI has evolved dramatically over the past decades, expanding from simple balloon angioplasty to advanced stent technologies, atherectomy devices, intravascular imaging guidance and physiology-based lesion assessment. As global adoption rises, clinicians continuously look for high-quality educational resources and expertly curated cardiology conference sessions that highlight evolving evidence, emerging technologies and procedural refinements. Because PCI overlaps strongly with interventional cardiology, this session provides a comprehensive overview of procedural strategies, patient selection and long-term outcomes.

Participants will explore the fundamentals of coronary anatomy, lesion classification and equipment selection. Detailed discussions cover guide catheters, guidewires, balloons, bifurcation stenting, drug-eluting stents, microcatheters and imaging adjuncts. The session highlights best practices for crossing complex lesions, including chronic total occlusions, heavily calcified segments, tortuous anatomy and thrombotic occlusions. Imaging modalities such as IVUS and OCT play critical roles in stent optimization, vessel sizing, plaque assessment and identifying complications like malapposition or underexpansion.

Physiology-based assessment, including FFR and iFR, guides decisions regarding lesion significance and revascularization strategies. Attendees will understand how to integrate physiological data with angiographic findings to tailor therapy and avoid unnecessary interventions. Case discussions will illustrate how to manage acute coronary syndromes, multi-vessel disease, left-main disease, bifurcations and restenosis scenarios.

Complication management is a core theme, addressing dissections, perforations, no-reflow, embolization, stent thrombosis and vascular access issues. Participants will gain insight into radial versus femoral access considerations, anticoagulation protocols, antiplatelet therapy and peri-procedural hemodynamic support.

Long-term outcomes depend on optimal stent deployment, medication adherence, lipid control, lifestyle modifications and cardiac rehabilitation. The session reviews new-generation DES technologies, bioresorbable scaffolds, drug-coated balloons and intravascular lithotripsy for calcified lesions. Participants also explore hybrid revascularization approaches combining PCI with CABG for selected patients.

Future directions include robotics in PCI, AI-supported angiographic interpretation, intravascular imaging automation and advanced atherectomy tools that enhance safety and precision. This session equips clinicians with the knowledge needed to perform PCI safely, effectively and in alignment with modern evidence-based practice.