Heart Bypass Surgery, also known as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), is a pivotal revascularization procedure for patients with advanced coronary artery disease. This session explores the principles, techniques, patient selection criteria, postoperative care, and long-term outcomes of CABG. As cardiac surgeons and interventional teams seek detailed learning through a heart conference, this session offers a complete overview of surgical and perioperative considerations.

The description explains the rationale behind bypass surgery—restoring myocardial perfusion by creating alternate pathways using grafts such as internal mammary arteries, radial arteries, and saphenous veins. Participants will understand how multivessel disease, left main stenosis, complex lesions, diabetes, and impaired ventricular function influence surgical planning.

A central focus covers advanced heart bypass surgery management strategies, including on-pump and off-pump techniques, minimally invasive CABG, hybrid revascularization, graft selection, conduit harvesting, anastomosis methods, and myocardial protection strategies. The session describes intraoperative monitoring, anesthesia considerations, and postoperative ICU management.

Participants will review complications such as graft occlusion, arrhythmias, infection, stroke, kidney injury, and wound complications. Long-term management includes antiplatelet therapy, lipid control, blood pressure optimization, lifestyle modification, and surveillance of graft patency using non-invasive imaging.

Future innovations include robotic CABG, totally endoscopic procedures, tissue-engineered grafts, and AI-enhanced surgical planning systems.